Rear Admiral Liu Hoh-tu, spokesman of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, said the U.N. Secretariat "has once again acted in violation of the principle and tradition of the United Nations in the sense that in so doing it has emasculated the world organization in its function as a mirror to reflect, as it should, the true state of affairs in the world."
The Chinese government said the U.N. Secretariat's action should be "vehemently condemned by all nations and peoples that subscribe to the view that the Secretariat and the staff shall refrain from any action which might reflect on their position as international officials responsible only to the Organization and that the United Nations should reflect through its publications the world as it is," Liu said.
Commenting on this subject, the New York Times said editorially that the United Nations "has retrogressed into absurdity again with its decision to ban all mention of Taiwan 'in any form whatsoever.'"
The paper continued: "Bowing to the demands of the Peking delegation, U.N. officials have decreed that there will be no text or tables dealing with Taiwan's population, trade, industry or any other data in future editions of the world organization's Statistical Yearbook. This is wholly in consistent with past policy when figures for China (mainland) were included, as available, in the yearbook, although the Peking Government was not then a member of the U.N. The ruling ignores other precedents such as the listing of West Irian separately from Indonesia, and of Sarawak separately from Malaysia.
"Whatever the future of Taiwan, now that its Government has been expelled from the U.N., the reality is that there remains a going, independent Government ruling over fourteen million people, a population larger than that of two-thirds of the U.N. membership.
"An international statistical summary that ignores this living reality is diminished in its authority—and so is the agency that issues it. But the U.N. has not stopped with relegating Taiwan to the status of a noncountry. U.N. authorities have even stooped to the Communist device of trying to rewrite history. At U.N. headquarters here a plaque identifying the Republic of China as donor has been removed from a green marble slab containing a quotation from Confucius.
"Such petty manipulation cannot erase the substantial contributions of the Republic of China to a quarter-century of U.N. history. Nor will ignoring Taiwan erase the problem its future status poses for the Governments in Taipei and Peking and for the international community. To be effective, the United Nations must deal with things as they are, not as any member would prefer to see them."
The New York Daily News said "Secretary General Kurt Waldheim, in his first major report to the United Nations, urges a better deal for the interests of 'medium and smaller' powers.
"Yet under Waldheim's leadership the U.N. has cavalierly written off Nationalist China as a 'non-country' in favor of Communist China. The ouster of Free China last October was disgraceful, but what has happened since is an outrage.
"Nationalist China's news correspondents were locked out. Waldheim has resisted all efforts by American and other free world press groups to get them back. The Nationalists are barred from all U.N. agencies. And under Peking's brazen prods Waldheim's office has even erased any mention of Taiwan from official publications...
"Waldheim ignores the fact that Taiwan, with 13.5 million people, is more populous than most U.N. members and that the Free Chinese economy proudly thrives under a government that steadfastly abides by the U.N. Charter. Meanwhile Waldheim buddies up to the Soviets and the Red Chinese with trips to Moscow and Peking, while taking potshots at President Nixon's conduct of the Vietnam war."
In an editorial entitled "Absurdity at U.N.," the Japan Times said the "United Nations lost a big chunk out of its moral backbone last year when it booted out the Republic of China on Taiwan, despite its 25-year record as faithful and loyal member.
"Enormity of that loss was demonstrated recently through an absurd ruling that no further mention of Taiwan will be made in all future editions of U.N. publications.
"That this nonsensical purge of Taiwan from statistical records was carried out under pressures from Peking is a lame excuse at best.
"Statistics surely are free of politics and ideology. And moreover, separate listings by the U.N. yearbook are not without numerous precedents.
"Of course, it is true that some of the statistics for Taiwan would prove quite embarrassing for Peking. The figures for Taiwan disclose a nation of 14 million people that is not only strongly viable but also booming in all phases of its activities.
"These are facts which neither Peking nor U.N. can erase in their efforts to make Taiwan into a 'non-country.'"
The government of the Republic of China also refuted a Chinese Communist claim that "the questions of Chinese refugees in Hongkong simply do not exist" and that "the refugee traffic is an interflow of Chinese people."
These assertions were made by Communist Chinese "delegate" Wang Jung-sheng at the 53rd session of UNECOSOC in Geneva.
Spokesman of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Liu Hoh-tu said "refugees from the mainland of China do exist in Hongkong, Macao, India and many other places.
"The 1962 exodus, in which more than 150,000 escaped the mainland and reached Hongkong and Macao during the month of May alone, is a well-known and documentable fact.
"That year and ever since the Chinese Communist regime had to resort to very stern measures, including reinforced border guards with orders to shoot and kill, to stop the outflow of the freedom seekers.
"But in spite of these measures, the escape of our brethren from the Communist clutches never stopped. Men and women continue to make the attempt, knowing well the risks involved.
"Another exodus is now taking place. According to the latest press report, Hongkong police disclosed that 'refugees arrested during July numbered 943, bringing this year's total for the seven months to 2,247.' Full year totals for 1970 and 1971 were 1,796 and 3,894.
"Furthermore, the arrested, or registered refugees do not include the ones still hidden, nor those who unfortunately failed to reach Hongkong or Macao alive. Thus the actual number of refugees far exceeds that known to the authorities. Throughout the years since 1950, the total number of refugees is estimated to be over 2.5 million. This has been the basic cause of the extraordinary population growth of Hongkong and Macao."
Of the argument that the "refugee traffic is an interflow of Chinese people," Liu said "it is a one-way-only traffic, outflowing from behind the bamboo curtain."
He said: "The escapees are more than ordinary refugees, such as caused by natural disasters. They are political refugees caused by totalitarian rule. They are freedom seekers fleeing from Communist tyranny. This peculiar and tragic happening gives the lie to all kinds of Communist claims and discloses the basic fact that the Communist regime is unwanted by our people.
"Some reports point out that most refugees this year are around 20 to 25 years in age. This feature is of great significance. It means that the Chinese Communist regime has failed in indoctrinating the young generation born and bred entirely under its rule. In other words the regime has failed to exact the allegiance and support of the generation over which it had done its utmost to influence and control."
Commenting on the Chinese Communist veto of the U.N. admission of Bangladesh, Liu said: "It must be embarrassing to those countries which voted the Chinese Communist regime into the United Nations last year on account of the so-called 'principle of universality.'
"It must also be embarrassing to those who hoped the Chinese Communist regime might be cooperative and constructive, but are finding it otherwise.
"In fact, that regime can never be counted upon to play any constructive role at all in the international community."
Taipei newspapers noted that after the Chinese Communists cast the veto, Dacca's Foreign Minister Abdus Samad said "the action exposed the hollowness of the Peking regime's claim as champion of oppressed people. It is a cruel joke of history that the people of Bangladesh who had championed the cause of Peking's admission to the United Nations have now become the first victim of its first veto.
"It is obvious that Peking has no intention to reciprocate our gesture of friendship and is continuing to follow a deliberate policy calculated to create tension and instability in the subcontinent."
President Chiang Kai-shek said no attempt on the part of any democratic nation to obviate confrontation through negotiation will bring peace.
In a message to the sixth conference of the World Anti-Communist League in Mexico City, the President said: "The Communist bloc will never alter its goal of world communization. The present smiling-face offensive of the bloc represents nothing but a united-front stratagem at work."
In a message to the 18th conference of the Asian Peoples' Anti-Communist League in Seoul, the President said: "My unshaken conviction is that peace is not possible without freedom, strength cannot exist in the absence of unity, and strong confidence and vigorous fighting spirit are indispensable prerequisites of a total victory."
Premier Chiang Ching-kuo said the Republic of China will oppose Communism to the end. "No Chinese can accept Communism, nor can man in the 20th century accept it," he said.
Premier Chiang cited the deepening Peiping-Moscow schism, the Kremlin's failure to keep its East European house in order and Mao Tse-tung's murder of Lin Piao after ousting Liu Shao-chi.
Peiping, Chiang said, has never been in full control of the China mainland. "The Communists can never control the minds of the people," he added.
A formal protest was lodged with Japan over Tokyo's moves to establish diplomatic relations with Peiping.
The protest was handed to Foreign Minister Masayoshi Ohira by Chinese Ambassador Peng Meng-chi.
Premier Chiang Ching-kuo said the Republic of China condemns the Japanese moves.
The Premier said: "Japanese government leaders have recently made repeated announcements to the effect that Japan will seek so-called 'normalization of relations' with the Chinese Communist regime and when Japan's relations with the Chinese Communist regime is 'normalized,' she will sever diplomatic relations with the Republic of China.
"The Japanese Prime Minister and Foreign Minister are planning to visit the mainland of China in September. All this represents a most unfriendly attitude toward the government and people of the Republic of China and must be strongly condemned.
"The government of the Republic of China is the only lawful government of China, vested with sovereignty over the whole of China. For more than 20 years, it has been exercising effective sovereign rights over Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other territories. Such rights shall not be affected in any way by whatever action may be taken by any other nation. The government of the Republic of China will adopt all necessary measures to protect these sovereign rights of the nation and the interests of the people.
"On July 20, 1972, my government made a statement to urge the Japanese government to honor its pledges in keeping international faith and respecting treaty obligations, and in the interest of Japan herself, to distinguish between right and wrong so as to avoid falling prey to the political intrigues of the Maoist regime. I wish to reiterate the previous warning to the Japanese government to cease all moves that will be detrimental to the relations between our two countries and to the peace and security of the Asian and Pacific region, thereby averting the danger of committing a grave mistake in history."
General Ho Ying-chin, president of the Sino-Japanese Cultural and Economic Association, said disaster may be in store for Japan if Tokyo establishes diplomatic ties with Communist China.
He said Prime Minister Tanaka's political future will be endangered. Japan will lose international prestige and Communist-instigated unrest will be loosed.
"The Peace Treaty of 1952 (with the Republic of China) cannot be unilaterally abrogated by Japan," Ho added. "If it should scrap the treaty, Japan will cease to be a trustworthy member of the family of nations."
Speaking in behalf of the overseas Chinese in the United States, the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association warned Japan of the perils involved in the attempt to seek "normalization of relations" with the Chinese Communists.
The association said "Japan must not act recklessly so as to give friends a cause to regret and enemies a chance to rejoice.
"We want to reiterate that for the sake of Japan's own interests, friendly relations between China and Japan, the security of Asia and the peace of the free world, the Japanese government should stop its disastrous course."
The Chinese student association in Hawaii told the Japanese Consulate General in Honolulu that Japanese moves could have serious consequences:
"First, it is unlawful for Japan alone to abrogate the Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty signed by the government of Japan and the Republic of China and sanctioned by international law. The argument that the treaty will be "automatically abrogated" once relations between Peiping and Tokyo are "normalized" is utterly untenable. This argument is no more than camouflage for Japan's attempt to tear up the treaty.
"Second, it is self-humiliating for Japan to seek 'normalization' with Peiping. When Japan was defeated in the Second World War, President Chiang Kai-shek's benevolent actions relieved Japan of the responsibility of paying huge reparations to China and restored Japan's sovereignty. Defeated Japan was given respect and opportunity to rebuild herself into a prosperous nation. Chou En-lai's 'three principles' demand that Japan abrogate the lawful Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty. In doing so, Japan would lose her sovereignty and become a defeated nation again, subject to humiliating treatment by Peiping.
"Third, it is perilous to seek 'normalization' with Peiping, which has always considered Japan an enemy. Peiping seeks to play off Japan against Russia and to step up infiltration in Japan. If trapped in the conflict between Peiping and Moscow, Japan would find it difficult to please both. Eventually Japan might become the enemy of both. If Japan should establish diplomatic relations with Peiping, the subversive activities of the extremist 'Red Army' of Japan would be strengthened, thereby bringing disorder and possibly even collapse to the prosperous society of Japan."
Minister of Economic Affairs Sun Yun-suan said the Republic of China will not freeze Japanese assets in Taiwan if Tokyo recognizes Peiping.
He said the government would protect Japanese investment and residents under "the founding spirit of our country."
Sun said Japanese establishment of relations with Peiping could have some effect on the Republic of China's economy. But Japan would suffer greater losses, he added.
The Republic of China is Japan's third biggest customer after the United States and Canada.
Sun said Taiwan's trade with Japan has been increasing rapidly in the last few years. The trade gap favoring Japan also has been widening.
Trade with Japan totaled over US$1 billion last year, with a balance of US$500 million in favor of Japan. Exports were US$267 million and imports US$767 million.
"Our trade has surpassed Japan's trade with the Chinese Communists and will continue to so," Sun said.
Sun said Japanese investments in Taiwan are about US$68 million, a little less than a tenth of the external total.
Free China carried out a massive mercy airlift of foods and medicine for the 1.3 million flood victims in the Philippines.
Thirty-five C-119 transports of the Chinese Air Force loaded with food, medicine and clothing flew to the Philippines from Pingtung in southern Taiwan.
Carrying more than 234,000 pounds of relief goods, the airlift was one of the biggest ever undertaken in Asia.
Mrs. Estefania Aldaba Lim, the Philippines' social welfare secretary, told the airlift commander, Maj. Gen. Wang Ching-chung: "We're grateful for this great manifestation of friendship between the Chinese and Filipino peoples."
Wang, who piloted one of the C-119 transports, said, "It is only our duty to help friends in need."
The airlift was followed by shipment of 3,039 metric tons of relief goods aboard the M.V. Hai Tai of the China Merchants Steam Navigation Company.
The ship was welcomed by a crowd of more than 2,000. Antonio Roxas Chua, president of the Federation of the Filipino-Chinese Chamber of Commerce, and the rest of the crowd gave crewmen a burst of applause.
Pelayo F. Llamas, Philippine Ambassador to the Republic of China, said his government and people were grateful for relief goods donated by people from all walks of life.
The government released a Filipino-Chinese who was deported to Taiwan by the Philippine government in 1970 for engaging in subversive activities. He had served a reformatory term of two years.
Quintin Yuyitung, publisher of the Chinese Commercial News in Manila, was deported to Taiwan in May, 1970, on charges of spreading Chinese Communist propaganda. His younger brother, Rizal, the editor, was deported for similar offenses.
Both Quintin and Rizal were convicted of sedition by a court of the Republic of China. Quintin got a reformatory sentence of two years and Rizal of three.
Quintin said he was not asked to attend political classes during his detention at the reformatory near Taipei.
He said he had a number of discussions with college professors on international problems. "These were two-way discussions and not like brainwashing, which is limited to one-way communication," he said.
Quintin said he was allowed to read local newspapers, Time and Newsweek magazines and books he received through the mail or from friends.
"I watched TV a lot," he said.
Boys' baseball teams from Taiwan won two world championships in the United States.
The Mei Ho team, made up of boys' aged 13 to 15, won the Senior League World Series at Gary, Indiana, by defeating teams from the United States and Mexico. The Taipei Little League team of boys aged 10 through 12 won their World Series at Williamsport, Pennsylvania.
People of Taiwan watched the games on live TV relayed by the Pacific satellite. Millions stayed up from 2 to 4 a.m. to cheer the local boys. Firecrackers exploded before dawn to celebrate the victories.
The teams returned together to receive a rousing welcome. Players were paraded through Taipei main streets in a motorcade.
In the United States, Chinese students and Chinese-Americans made long journeys to see the games. They sang Chinese songs and waved national flags.
Although baseball is not the national sport of China, teams from Taiwan have won four world championships in 1969, 1971 and 1972.
A UPI dispatch from Tokyo said one of the biggest mysteries of the Asian sports scene is Japan's failure to beat Taiwan in the Far East Little League eliminations since 1969.
Baseball is Japan's No.1 participation and spectator sport. From elementary school tots to adulthood, many millions of Japanese play baseball.
Japan entered the Little League movement many years before the Chinese. The Nishi (West) Tokyo team won the title in 1967 and Wakayama City of Central Japan repeated in 1968.
There are more than 500 Little League teams in Japan, more than twice the number in Taiwan. Nevertheless, Taiwan defeated Japan for the fourth straight year in the 1972 Far East elimination tournament. UPI said Taiwan had "a better balanced team with larger and more powerful players."
"It may well be that the Taiwanese players are superior to the Japanese because Little League baseball is given considerably more emphasis on Taiwan than in Japan," the report said.
The 11-member Cathay Girls' Basketball Team (see the Month in Free China, September issue) returned to Taiwan from a 42-day visit to Australia, New Zealand and Indonesia.
The girls won 22 of 25 games. They lost three games to Australian teams.
The team was organized by the Cathay Life Insurance Company and most of the members are college graduates.
A five-member Chinese table tennis team went to Brasilia to take part in a tournament marking Brazil's 150th anniversary. The team then proceeded to Paraguay, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Nicaragua and Guatemala.
The Republic of China was represented in the 1972 Olympic Games at Munich. Miss Chi Cheng, world record holder in the women's 100 and 200-meter sprints, carried the Chinese national flag in the opening ceremonies.
Chinese participated in track, swimming, shooting and judo.
The International Judo Federation, meeting in Munich, chose Taipei as the site for the 1977 world championships. Fifty countries are expected to take part.
A dying Peiping opera actress afflicted with bone cancer gave her last performance before an emotion-charged audience in Taipei.
Miss Chiang Kui-chin, 21, played one of the Yu sisters in an adoption from the classical novel Dream of the Red Chamber.
She was warmly applauded as she appeared on the stage walking with her newly fitted artificial leg.
An ambulance with oxygen, first aid equipment and nurse, stood by. But she completed the 45-minute performance without a hitch.
Among members of the audience were Vice President C.K. Yen and Director Paul Wang of the Cultural Affairs Bureau.
Stricken with bone cancer at the age of 20, Miss Chiang sought to make death beautiful with a farewell performance to raise money for cancer research.
She was graduated from the Ta Peng Opera School and had embarked on a professional career.
She had pains in her right knee last year and went to a hospital for diagnosis. Hospital rooms have been her home since.
Her right leg was amputated. A second operation followed. This spring doctors told her she would not recover.
"I learned to live with the thought of death," she said. "Then I decided I wanted to have one last performance and help win the final battle with cancer."
Cancer cells reached her lungs and she was never without pain. She nevertheless persevered in her plan to return to the colorful world of Chinese opera for one last time.
Members of Ta Peng Alumni Association helped. Many stars of the Peiping drama offered their services for the benefit performance.
Miss Chiang's doctor demurred. He said the strain would be too much and that the exertion would only speed growth of the killer cells.
"A dedicated actress has no life off the stage," said Miss Chiang. The doctor finally gave his permission.
The audience cried openly as she took her bows, the long gown of ancient times concealing her artificial leg.
Afterward, Miss Chiang returned to the hospital where she expects to die.
"Everyone must die sooner or later," she said. "I am happy to have done what I could in the fight against cancer by playing one last role."
Taiwan has achieved one of the greatest economic successes in Asia as a result of the government's encouragement of industrialization and diversification, according to Donald N. Sliwicki, director of marketing activities of the U.S. Department of Commerce. He came to organize the U.S. Industrial, Business and Scientific Equipment Exhibition slated to open in Taipei in October.
He noted Taiwan's economic growth. The gross national product increased 11 per cent in 1971, wholesale prices declined 1 per cent and consumer prices increased by only 2.5 per cent.
He said Taiwan imported US$1.2 billion and exported US$1.1 billion in 1969 with a trade deficit of US$100 million. In only two years, the deficit was reversed with imports of US$2 billion and exports of US$2.1 billion.
This is indicative of the success of Taiwan manufacturers in producing competitive quality products not only for the United States but also for Europe and Asia.
A German correspondent also praised the Republic of China's economic progress.
Writing in the Munich Sueddeustche Zeitung (South German Daily), Christian Roll said economic growth hit 11.4 per cent in 1971, paced by an industrial gain of 22 per cent.
Roll said diplomatic setbacks had spurred economic efforts and long-range planning.
The 10-year development plan envisages emphasis on heavy industries and annual GNP growth of 8.5 per cent, he added.
The Ministry of Economic Affairs reported that for the January-July period this year, foreign trade increased by 46.3 per cent with volume reaching US$3,028 million.
Exports were up 45.8 per cent to US$1,625 million. The favorable balance was US$220 million.
Textile products remained the top-ranking export. The growth rate declined to 30 per cent; however, because of quotas imposed by purchasing countries.
Exports of electrical apparatus showed a gain of 97.3 per cent.
The government cited 401 companies for outstanding export performances. Each company exported more than US$500,000 worth of products last year.
The 12 companies with exports of more than US$10 million received special awards.
Nan Ya Plastics Corporation led the list with exports totaling US$37 million. Then came the Taiwan Fruit Export Cooperative with US$25.3 million, Admiral Overseas Corporation with US$24.4 million and RCA Taiwan Ltd. with US$23.5 million.
The eight others in the big 12 were Tai Yuen Textile Company (US$16 million), Chung Shing Textile Company (US$14 million), Lee Chang Yung Lumber and Plywood Manufacturing Works (US$13.3 million), Far Eastern Textile Ltd. (US$12.6 million), Taiwan Pineapple Corporation (US$12 million), Chen Ta Fiber Industrial Company (US$11.2 million), Lin Shan Hao Plywood Corporation (US$10.5 million) and Taiwan Chemical Fiber Company (US$10.4 million).
Taiwan exports totaled US$2,135.5 million last year. Two-way trade was US$4,125.5 million.
New postage stamps featuring Chinese heroes were released in September to replace the Flying Geese series issued October 10, 1966.
Comprising eight denominations ranging from NT$3.50 to NT$8, the heroes' stamps are issued in two installments. Those released in September numbered four, all printed by the intaglio process.
Designs are based on paintings in the collection of the National Palace Museum at Taipei. The four heroes featured in the September set of stamps are as follows:
On NT$3.50 stamps: Emperor Yao (2357-2258 B.C.), who was the sixth emperor in the line of the Yellow Emperor. He ruled by means of virtue. He placed outside his palace door a drum which the people might beat to summon him and a table on which they might write suggestions for the government. He chose an unrelated but virtuous successor.
On NT$4 stamps: Emperor Shun (reigned 2255-2208 B.C.), seventh emperor in the line of the Yellow Emperor. He was the model of a filial son. He improved the calendar and standardized weights and measures. He abdicated in favor of a worthy successor.
On NT$4.5 stamps: Yu the Great (reigned 2205-2198 B.C.), who was a minister of Emperor Shun. He brought the Great Flood under control and opened up waterways. He was founder of the Hsia dynasty. In his reign, rice wine was first made and presented to him. He dashed it to the ground, predicting: "The day will come when this thing will cost someone his kingdom." He divided the country into nine administrative districts and established a system of land taxes. Territorial boundaries of China began to take shape. The Hsia dynasty set up a governmental structure based on hereditary kingship.
On NT$5 stamps: King T'ang (reigned 1783-1754 B.C.), who founded the Shang dynasty. The people revolted against the last Hsia ruler under the leadership of T'ang. This was the first revolution in China and is regarded in China as the precedent to justify a revolution against tyranny. Shang brought the zenith of China's bronze age. Bronzes of Shang reached a perfection of design and craftsmanship never surpassed.