A Decade of Reign of Terror
October 1, 1949 will probably go down in history as one of the darkest moments in man's long fight against the forces of tyranny. On that day a group of utterly ruthless fanatics, who call themselves Chinese Communists, set up in the ancient Chinese capital of Peiping a regime dedicated to the total eradication of human rights and dignity and world conquest by brutal force. That the Free World should ever allow this to happen is not only an unparalleled tragedy to the Chinese nation but also the beginning of an unbroken series of troubles for itself. In the short span of ten years, this regime has murdered millions of innocent people to the accompaniment of a systematic destruction of everything Chinese. Never before had so overwhelming a calamity befallen to so large a section of the world's population. Today the Chinese mainland has been reduced to such a state of affairs as to be pictured as "ant hills," "zoo" and "land of robots." Throughout these years, the puppet Communist regime, at the bidding of the Kremlin, has also been constantly building up tension in its neighboring countries and making its evil influence felt in faraway corners of the world.
The Chinese Communist party, founded under the watchful eve of Lenin and reared by the Third International and the Soviet Government under Stalin, functions as an integral part of the international Communist movement led by the Soviet Union. The true nature of the Chinese Communists, who were mistakenly described as a group of well intentioned "agrarian reformers" in the forties, was not fully realized by the free nations until the introduction of the “people's commune" system last year jolted them to a rude awakening. Unfortunately, even this realization failed to shake them off from many misconceptions regarding Mao Tse-tung and company. For example, some in the free camp believe that the Chinese Communists are in firm control of the masses on the mainland now that they have virtually silenced every articulate critic and suppressed all apparent opposition forces. There still are clamors among the ranks of free countries for a "realistic" approach in dealing with Peiping. As the reign of terror on the Chinese mainland is entering its second decade, a review of what this totalitarian regime has done domestically and externally to further the aims of the Communist bloc might be profitable to free men everywhere. An account of its bloody deeds will inevitably shed some revealing light on the inherent weaknesses of the Red hierarchy and shatter the fallacy that communism is here to stay.
THE BLACK RECORD
10 years of Chinese Communist Rule
October 1, 1949
The Chinese Communist regime was formally established in Peiping.
December 16, 1949
Mao Tse-tung made his first pilgrimage to Moscow, stayed until March 4 of the following year.
February 14, 1950
Signing of treaty of "friendship, mutual assistance and alliance" between Soviet Russia and the Chinese Communist regime in Moscow.
March 27, 1950
Treaty signed between Soviet Russia and the Chinese Communist regime, providing for Russian exploration of petroleum in Sinkiang and dispatching of Soviet technical experts to the Chinese mainland.
April 20, 1950
Signing of 10-year trade agreement between Soviet Russia and the Chinese Communist regime.
May 1, 1950
Promulgation of the "New Marriage Law."
June 30, 1950
Promulgation of the "Land Reform Law," thus launching the regime's first bloody campaign to wipe out landlords, rich peasants and even middle peasants.
October 14, 1950
The so-called "Chinese People's Volunteer Forces" secretly entered Korea, and subsequently engaged United Nations Forces on October 25.
February 20, 1951
Promulgation of the "Regulations for Punishment of Counter-Revolutionaries."
August 31, 1951
The "3-Anti Campaign"(anti-corruption, anti-waste and anti-bureaucratism) was initiated.
September 4, 1951
Chinese Communist forces entered Lhasa.
February 1952
Chinese Communists launched propaganda campaign charging the United States with conducting "germ warfare" in Korea.
March 1952
The "5-Anti Campaign" (anti-bribery, anti-tax evasion, anti-fraud, anti-theft of state properties, and anti-leakage of state (economic secrets) was initiated.
December 1952
First "Five Year Plan" announced.
February 15, 1953
Central Committee of CCP adopted resolution on “mutual aid teams" in agricultural production, marking first step toward collectivization.
July 27, 1953
Truce signed in Korea. More than 74 percent of Chinese POW's refused to return and chose freedom instead.
October 23, 1953
"General Line for Transition to Communism" announced.
January 8, 1954
CCP Central Committee announced resolution to establish "agricultural production cooperatives" on the mainland, patterned after Soviet Russian collective farms.
February 6, 1954
Liu Shao-chi reported to the 4th plenum of 7th Cap Central Committee on "Opposition to Independent Kingdoms," initiating the party purge ending in the removal of the Kao Kang-Jao Shu-shih clique.
April 26, 1954; July 19, 1954
Chou En-lai represented the Peiping regime in Geneva conference. People's Daily of Peiping published an editorial entitled "We Are Determined to Liberate Taiwan," attacking the Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty. Four days later, it again editorialized "We Must Liberate Taiwan."
August 26, 1954
Promulgation of the "Regulations for Reform Through Labor."
September 2, 1954
Promulgation of the "Provisional Regulations Governing the Establishment of Industries and Enterprises Under Public-Private Joint Ownership."
September 28, 1954
The so-called "Constitution" stressing class struggle, Communist Party rule and democratic centralism was promulgated.
September 29, 1954
Nikita Khrushchev paid first visit to Peiping.
February 7, 1955
Meeting of the presidium of "Chinese Writers' Association" adopted resolution to launch criticism against literary thoughts of Hu Feng, and philosophical thought of Hu Shih.
February 13, 1955
Chinese Communist Forces occupied the Tachen Islands.
April 20, 1955
"State Council" adopted resolution on strengthening of work of suppression of counter-revolutionaries and other criminal elements.
August 1, 1955
Ambassadorial talks with the United States began in Geneva on release of Americans held by the Chinese Communist regime. Four years later, five Americans are still being held by Peiping.
January 31, 1956
"State Council" announced plan for simplification of Chinese characters as first step toward Russification.
April 4, 1956
CCP Central Politburo released article entitled "On the Historical Experience of Proletarian Dictatorship," setting Party line after Khrushchev's de-Stalinization report to the XXth CPSU Congress in February.
April 7, 1956
Chou En-lai and Anastas I. Mikoyan signed joint communique in Peiping providing for Soviet aid to the Chinese Communist regime in 55 engineering projects worth 2,500,000,000 rubles and a loan of 520,000,000 rubles.
May 2, 1956
Mao Tse-tung first proposed the "let 100 flowers bloom, let 100 schools of thought contend" campaign, which was formally launched by Lu Ting-yi, CCP propaganda chief in a report on May 26.
November 15, 1956
Second plenum of CCP 8th Central Committee supported Soviet action in Hungary.
March 1, 1957
Mao Tse-tung delivered speech before the 11th "Supreme State Conference" on "How to Correctly Handle Contradictions Among the People." The text was not released to the public until June 18.
April 27, 1957
CCP Central Committee issued directive on "rectification campaign," beginning another purge within the Party.
June 26, 1957
Anti-rightist campaign intensified with opening of 4th Conference of First "National People's Congress," aimed at silencing the thousands of critics of the regime who voiced their dissatisfaction during the "blooming-contending" period.
September 6, 1957
Three faculty member and students executed in Wuhan for their part in leading the students' revolt in Hanyang, climaxing widespread opposition to the regime touched off by the "blooming-contending."
November 2, 1957
Mao Tse-tung arrived in Moscow bearing tribute for the 40th anniversary of Soviet October revolution. The editorial of the People's Daily of Peiping was entitled "Our Hearts Lean Toward Moscow."
December 11, 1957
"State Council" adopted draft plan for phonetization of the Chinese language.
February 1, 1958
Fifth Conference of 1st NPC heard report that "Socialist reform" had been completed in general on the Chinese mainland. More than 95 percent of all commercial and industrial enterprises became joint public-private owned, and more than 97 percent of peasants were collectivized.
March 31, 1958
Peiping signed agreement with Ho Chi Minh to provide military and economic aid to North Vietnam.
April 11, 1958
So-called "democratic parties and factions" held 10,000-man mass rally in Peiping "to hand our hearts to the Chinese Communist Party."
May 1958
"Great Leap Forward" campaign began.
May 4, 1958
Marshal Tito and modern revisionism criticized by Peiping.
July 31, 1958
Khrushchev paid second visit to Peiping, accompanied among others by Marshal Malinovsky, Soviet defense minister.
August 23, 1958
Chinese Communists began artillery bombardment of Kinmen in futile attempt to capture offshore island.
August 29, 1958
CCP Central Committee announced resolution to establish "people's communes."
October 25, 1958
Peiping announced "even day ceasefire" on Kinmen front as face-saving measure.
October 27, 1958
People's Daily published Mao Tse-tung's article "All Imperialists and Reactionaries Are Paper Tigers."
December 17, 1958
Sixth plenum of 8th CCP Central Committee adopted resolution on certain problems concerning the people's commune, also announced that Mao Tse-tung would step down from chairmanship of Peiping regime.
December 30, 1958
Peiping announced that 26,500 communes were established on the Chinese mainland, embodying 96 percent of peasant households, and operating some 2,650,000 public mess halls, 4,750,000 nurseries and 100,000 old folks homes.
January 28, 1959
Chou En-lai, attending XXIth CPSU Congress, attacked Tito and revisionism in Moscow speech.
February 7, 1959
New economic and technical cooperation agreement signed between Soviet Russia and Peiping regime, providing for Soviet assistance in building of 78 industrial and power projects worth 5,000,000,000 rubles.
February 18, 1959
Peiping signed economic cooperation agreements with Ho Chi Minh, granting North Vietnam JMP$300,000,000 in loan and JMP$100,000,000 as outright gift.
March 4, 1959
Mao Tse-tung receives representatives of Communist parties of Japan and 12 Latin American countries in mounting drive to infiltrate into these countries.
March 10, 1959
Tibetan uprising.
April 27, 1959
Liu Shao-chi elected by First Conference of 2nd NPC to succeed Mao as head of regime.
May 2, 1959
Communist inspired demonstration in Lhasa highlighted Peiping's charge of Indian "expansionism and imperialism" after Tibetan uprising.
August 16, 1959
Eighth plenum of 8th CCP Central Committee reviewed economic difficulties, admitted that production figures for 1958 were over-exaggerated and slashed 1959 production figures by as much as one third. To lay the blame on someone, a new "anti-rightist thinking" movement was launched.
August 1959
Laos threatened by Chinese Communist supported rebels.
September 1959
Border clashes occurred between Indian and September 30, 1959 Chinese Communist troops. Khrushchev paid third visit to Peiping.