Approximately four million people on the Chinese mainland have failed to survive the harsh life in Communist labor reform camps during the last 14 year's, Taipei intelligence sources disclosed March 10.
The number is 2.25 per cent of the 90 million Chinese people who have been forced to undergo labor reform.
There are at least 351 labor reform agencies throughout the mainland. The biggest is located in the central part of the "Ninghsia Moslem Autonomous Region." It consists of 17 labor reform farms with two million inmates.
The Peiping regime claims the "program of reforming the people through hard labor" has produced certain "economic benefits". Intelligence sources say that to the contrary, it has produced political crisis. Repeated riots expose the falsehood that labor reform "is a reflection of great revolutionary humanitarianism."
Food Lags Again
For the sixth consecutive year, Peiping's agriculture failed to keep pace with population growth in 1964, the Economic Research Service of the U.S. Agriculture Department reported March 8.
It said Red Chinese agriculture, which accounts for about half of the mainland's gross national product, registered spotty gains and losses in 1964. Total farm output has not yet regained 1957 levels.
The report said: "Government efforts to bolster the economy and create incentives for greater peasant cooperation apparently have not spurred agricultural production ... Production from private plots continued to increase in 1964, thus making this sector increasingly important, particularly if food shortages should occur in the socialized sector."
Production of most industrial crops, particularity cotton, increased in 1964 but remained below the level of 1957. Some increases in output occurred in livestock, especially sheep and goats. Even so, numbers remain well below those in 1957, the report said.
Those Russians Again
Peiping's New China News Agency on March 1 accused the Soviet Union of distributing "large quantities" of books and documents which "openly level malicious attacks on the Chinese Communist Party." Large numbers of anti-Peiping pamphlets were said to be on sale in Soviet bookstores.
NCNA said "Anti-Chinese documents and books listed as reading materials in the syllabi of various courses of studies are now on sale in large quantities in the Soviet Union as means of instilling Khrushchev revisionism and propagating anti-'China' education among the Soviet people."
Peiping said one of the pamphlets contained a speech by the late O. V. Kuusinen, a presidium member, who "virulently maligned chairman Mao Tse-tung." A book by S. Viskov "attacked the leaders of the Chinese Communist Party by name and lauded Khrushchev to the skies."
Weapons Seized
Approximately 100 tons of Viet Cong military supplies, including weapons, ammunition, and medical supplies provided by Peiping, have been seized by the armed forces of the Republic of Vietnam, the Vietnam Embassy in Taipei disclosed February 26.
First Secretary Nguyen Thang Huy said the supplies were aboard a camouflaged North Vietnamese boat sunk in the vicinity of Vung Ro by South Vietnam's air force.
Huy said the supplies, packed in boxes with North Vietnamese markings, included:
—3,500-4,000 rifles and submachine guns of latest model.
—15 light machine guns.
—1,000,000 rounds of ammunition.
—1,000-1,500 Peiping-made stick grenades.
—500 pounds of TNT explosives.
—2,200 rounds of 82 mm mortar shells.
—500 explosive anti-tank projectiles.
—1,000-1,500 rounds for newest type 75 mm recoilless rifles.
—2,000 K-98 Czech rifles.
—1,000 K-50 burp guns.
—15 DPM model light machine guns, of Peiping origin.
—200 magazines.
—Medical supplies from Bulgaria and Peiping.
Subversion Fund
Malaysian Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman charged March 7 that Peiping had amassed $140 million Malaysian dollars (US$45.7 million) in Hongkong for subversion against Malaysia.
Addressing a mass rally celebrating his 62nd birthday, the Tunku said Peiping's aim is to overthrow the Malaysian government. He pointed out that Peiping's leaders urged Indonesia not to abandon its "crush Malaysia" campaign when Indonesian Foreign Minister Subandrio visited Peiping in January.
Earlier, the Malaysian Prime Minister said Peiping had offered to order Malaysian Communists to launch an uprising in Malaysia to assist Indonesia's "confrontation" policy.
There are an estimated 100 members of the Malaysian Communist Party hiding along the northern border with Thailand. Other Communist cadres are in Singapore and Sarawak.
On March 7, a police spokesman disclosed the smashing of a Chinese Communist organization in Singapore.
He said leaders of the "Singapore People's Revolutionary Party" were picked up late last year and early in 1965. The round up, he added, "totally disrupted the group, whose aim was to help Indonesia crush Malaysia."
The group had connections with Indonesian intelligence officers based in Singapore and Indonesian-trained Malaysians. A wide variety of weapons was seized, the spokesman said.
Agents in Africa
The New York Herald Tribune European edition accused Peiping's agents of plotting revolts and running guns in Africa. The two most dangerous men are a "journalist" and a "diplomat", according to Tom Lambert's report from Washington.
The agents' names are Kao Liang, about 40, and Kan Mai, about 50. The former is a "correspondent" for the "New China News Agency" in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; the latter is "first counsellor" of Peiping's "embassy" in the Brazzaville Congo.
Kao is credited with a major role in the 1964 takeover of Zanzibar by rebels and the continuing leftward trend in Tanzania. He arrived in Dar es Salaam in July, 1961, and is suspected of having had a hand in most East African troubles since. He routed arms and money to Sheikh Babu Rahman Mohammed of Zanzibar in the 1964 takeover.
Kao is also believed to have slipped money to dissident groups in Kenya and Uganda, whose governments called in British troops last year to thwart Zanzibar type "revolution."
Kan Mai, a lean English and Hindi speaking "diplomat", is actually a colonel in the Red Chinese army. He is a military revolutionary specialist and is director of the training camps for guerrilla warfare at Gamboma and Imfondo, both north of BrazzavilIe. Kan plows revolutionary furrows in the central and western Africa.
Another Herald Tribune (European edition) report from Leopoldville said March 12 that Kan Mai's staff of "technicians" is huge, perhaps the biggest Chinese Communist mission outside Asia. Its palpable aim is subversion in the Leopoldville Congo. The former French Congo (Brazzaville) is today "in effect a Chinese Communist puppet," the article said.
In the last 14 years Kao and Kan have been linked to "revolutionary plots", subversion, and armed uprisings not only in Africa but also in India, Nepal, possibly Tibet, and Mauritius, the Herald Tribune said.
300 In Africa
Peiping has sent at least 300 highly trained "technicians," really agents, to Africa, the London Sunday Telegraph said March 14.
The newspaper said most of them are training guerrilla forces in British Commonwealth countries as part of a long-term plan to overcome Western influence. It attributed its information to "authoritative and detailed reports" reaching the British government.
It said Peiping's move is the result of orders given by Communist Chinese "premier" Chou En-lai after his African tour last year.
The Sunday Telegraph gives the following information concerning the Peiping regime's stepped up activities in Africa:
"In the view of Western experts, the first objective of the (Red) Chinese, despite their relatively small numbers, is to seize the initiative in stimulating large-scale violence. Areas singled out for 'priority treatment' are Tanzania and South Africa.
"There were signs that the violent subversive tactics favored by the Communist Chinese could touch off a campaign of violence by the Soviet Union—which has three to four times as many agents in Africa—which so far has used relatively peaceful means to influence African nations.
"A special department for African affairs in the Communist Chinese 'foreign ministry' has been expanded and field headquarters established in Cairo, Accra, and Dar es Salaam. There are indications the Communist Chinese also are stepping up the scale of credits to African countries, particularly on the military side."
Brazil Expels Nine
Nine Chinese Communist agents serving 10-year prison terms for subversion were ordered expelled from Brazil in a presidential decree March 3, UPI reported from Rio de Janeiro.
They were arrested April 3, 1964, shortly after anti-Communist generals overthrew leftist Joao Goulart. They left the prison March 10 and went directly to the apartments where they had lived before imprisonment. They were under heavy police guard to gather their belongings.
170 Cadres Perish
More than 170 Chinese Communist cadres were burned to death by Mongols during an anti-Communist riot at a Communist "state farm" in Kurla, northern Sinkiang, January 8, the Central News Agency reported February 17.
Reports from behind the Bamboo Curtain said that when some 300 Communist cadres from various countries of Sinkiang converged at a state farm in Kurla for a meeting, the Mongolians joined disgruntled farm workers in setting fire to the building. The exits were blocked and 170 Communist cadres perished.
The Chinese Reds arrested many workers on the state farm.
Most farm workers in Sinkiang are youths from Anhwei and Kiangsu provinces in southern China who were sent to the remote frontier area for labor reform.
Intelligence sources also said that anti-Communist guerrillas carried out raids near Wenchang, on the east coast of the big South China island of Hainan, February 4 and February 9, burning warehouses and killing or wounding more than 10 Communist soldiers.
Refugees to Macao
Two hundred and six Chinese refugees fled the mainland to the Portuguese colony of Macao in February, the Central News Agency reported March 3.
Quoting information from a representative of the Free China Relief Association there, the agency said mainland refugees reaching Macao in January totaled 298.