The Chung Yang Jih Pao (Central Daily News) said September 16 that the meeting of the World Anti-Communist League and Asian Peoples' Anti-Communist League in Japan would lead the way to an Asian collective security system.
The paper said: "In the 1970s, internal disagreements among the Communist nations will become more diverse and conflicts between pro-Moscow and pro-Peiping satellites will be intensified. However, the free world nations must not be blinded by a false sense of security. Communists will never desist from aggression. The only way to ensure the security of Asia is to establish a collective defense system.
"WACL and APACL must also awaken the free world to the dangers of Communism and appeasement. They must organize the masses into a strong anti-Communist force opposing the minority of appeasers. Asia's freedom and security depend upon WACL and APACL."
Commenting on the APACL and WACL meetings, the English-language China Post said September 15 that Japan is trying to identify herself with the free world.
The paper said: "The fact that hundreds of anti-Communist leaders from all over the world are meeting in Japan's ancient capital is of great significance.
"Japan is the free world's No. 2 economic power. It is trying to assume the role of an important political power but Communist infiltration has become an increasingly serious problem. Campus unrest instigated by the Communists poses a serious threat to social stability.
"Farsighted Japanese leaders know Japan has to get rid of Communist influence if it wants to survive as a democracy. That's why they decided to host the WACL and APACL meetings.
"This is proof that Japan is doing what it can to identify itself with the free world and promote the anti-Communist cause."
The Chung Hua Jih Pao (China Daily News) said: "The goal of the meetings in Japan is closer ties between anti-Communist civic organizations and Asian governments.
"The Japanese defense minister recently said, that Japan's aspirations for international political power depend on the establishment of a Pacific and Asian collective security system. This indicates a sharp change in the Japanese government's attitude toward Communism.
"Japanese business circles have taken an anti-Communist position in rejecting Chou En-lai's 'four trade principles.' Japanese civic organizations are winning supporters and mitigating leftist influence. The fact that WACL and APACL meetings are being held in Kyoto, a center of Japanese radicalism, is an anti-Communist victory."
The Shin Sheng Pao (New Life Daily News) said: "The two leagues must expand anti-Communist movements throughout the world. Anti-Communist progress depends on the masses. WACL and APACL should concentrate on coordinating the anti Communist endeavors of civic organizations, religious groups and academic organizations, thus strengthening the People's power to defend democracy and freedom."
The Chung Hua Jih Pao said September 19 that the U.N. should listen to the counsel of the world's anti-Communist masses.
The paper said: "The communique of the World Anti-Communist League conference in Kyoto calls for support of we Republic of China in liberating the mainland from Communist rule and opposes the admission of Red China by the United Nations. Meanwhile, the U.N. General Assembly's 25-member Steering Committee decided by 13 to 1 with 7 abstentions to include the China representation issue on the agenda.
"WACL's stand presages the defeat of any move to seat the Chinese Communists in the U.N. even though clouds of appeasement have blinded some world policymakers.
"WACL has pointed out that some U.N. representatives do not express the feelings of the people but their own cowardice and shortsightedness.
"It is surprising that some of those with excellent access to information about the world situation are less informed about Communist atrocities and ambitions than the masses they represent.
"Now is the time for the people who love democracy to voice their feeling of opposition to the evil inclinations of their pro-Communist representatives. "
New Life Daily News—Charter betrayal
The Shin Sheng Pao said September 17 that nations which advocate seating Peiping in the U.N. are declaring war against the international organization and betraying its Charter.
The paper said: "U.N. universality is contrary to the stipulations of the U.N. Charter, which authorizes membership only for peace-loving nations. The Peiping regime has been denounced as an aggressor by the U.N. Continued existence of the U.N. as an international guardian of peace depends keeping Red China out of the organization and relying on the Republic of China as the Chinese representative in guarding world peace and security."
The China Post said September 16 that the United Nations must not become a mere debating society.
The paper said: "The General Assembly of the United Nations opened its 25th session in New York amid mounting demands that it be given broader powers to enforce decisions in the peacekeeping field. Diplomats are studying possible steps to save the U.N. from collapse. Many are said to have expressed the view that member nations must yield some of their sovereignty and give the United Nations more authority.
"When the U.N. was established in 1945, there was hope it would be more effective than the League of Nations. The U.N. history of the last 25 years has brought only disappointment.
"The heterogeneous membership of the United Nations is one of its chief weaknesses. With its members working at cross purposes, how can it be an organization with teeth? Economic sanctions cannot be enforced unless they have the strong support of the majority. In certain cases military sanctions may be necessary. But how can the United Nations have military, forces of its own unless the big powers place strong units at its disposal.
"Like the League of Nations, the United Nations is now to a large extent a mere debating society. Even as a debating society, the U.N. has its usefulness: it serves as a place where victims of aggression can air their grievances and other members can join with them in condemning the aggressors. However, if the U.N. is to avoid meeting the fate of the League of Nations, member nations which are truly peace-loving must be strongly united to oppose armed aggression anywhere in the world."
Also commenting on the U.N., the English-language China News said September 15:
"Those who talk of making the United Nations into a world government are papering over the obstructionism of the Communists, who will never accept an international police system which they do not control.
"U Thant recently said: 'The United Nations, and for that matter, the international community, cannot survive without enforceable world laws, world police and world courts for the maintenance of international peace and justice.'
"That seems to be a frank and honest endorsement of internationalism. Yet the Secretary-General must know in his heart that the Soviet Union will not agree to live by world laws, world police and world courts. Nor would the Chinese Communists, who must be forever outside the pale of the United Nations.
"The United Nations is better than nothing. It at least suggests that the dream of the Great Commonwealth may yet be attained.
"The United Nations cannot keep the peace, however. Only the strength of the free world can do that. If that strength is compromised, the Communists will not hesitate to strike in an effort to make one Communist world and one Communist United Nations.
"Yet Communism contains the seeds of its own destruction. This is most clearly seen today on the Chinese mainland. The same forces that took Czechoslovakia to the gates of freedom exist elsewhere behind the iron curtain and in the Soviet Union itself.
"Whether by evolution or revolution, Communism is as sure to wither away as has every other tyranny. The free world's obligation is to protect itself and those who are too weak to defend themselves while the cold war continues. Dependence on the U.N. will be futile. An international community of peace and justice can emerge only when Communism has vanished.
"What the U.N. does provide is a vantage point from which to view the Communists as international aggressors who like to hide their true intentions behind the misrepresentations of U Thant and others of neutralist bent. Small nations learned a lot from seeing Khrushchev pound his shoe. Kosygin and Brezhnev are prepared to do their pounding with the same hammers they used in Czechoslovakia."
China Daily News—Agnew's Taiwan visit
The Chung Hua Jih Pao of August 26 expressed hope for progress toward an Asian collective security system as a result of Vice President Agnew's visit to the Republic of China.
The paper said: "Vice President Agnew said his tour of the Far East is to reiterate U.S. determination to stay in Asia and keep its commitments.
"However, U.S. plans to withdraw troops from Vietnam and Korea and the return of the Ryukyus to Japan will only weaken such commitments.
"Appeasement of the Communists will not prevent aggression. Determination to withdraw from Asia militarily limits U.S. policy to futile negotiations with the Communists and weakens Asia's anti-Communist position. To protect themselves, free Asian nations should establish it collective security system based on Vietnamization and modernization of the armed forces of the Republics of Korea and China."
Commenting on the same subject, the Chung Yang Jih Pao said August 26:
"In view of the Asian situation today, the United States should not withdraw troops from any part of the region. Instead, the Americans should increase military aid to free Asian nations and help strengthen Asia's anti-Communist defenses.
"Contrary to President Nixon's promise, the United States has done nothing to help establish an Asian collective security system. Bilateral and multilateral defense agreements between the United States and Asian nations provide a good foundation for an alliance. Vice President Agnew's visit provides an opportunity to thread these defense agreements together into one strong and balanced system."
The China News said August 27 that creation of a Pacific and Asian Treaty Organization is the only way to lighten the American burden in the Pacific and East Asia.
The paper said: "Koreans are said to have the toughest soldiers fighting in Vietnam. They seem also to be hard international bargainers.
"When Vice President Agnew got to Seoul, he found a red carpet, a friendly flag-waving people and a chief of state who knew how to say no, no, no and hold out for the armed forces modernization and U.S. defense commitment which Korea has set as the price for withdrawal of 20,000 American troops.
"Thailand and the Republics of China and Vietnam cannot fail to be impressed by the fact that the squeaky wheel gets the oil and the hard-line negotiator serves the interest of his country.
"Vice President Agnew carried with him a pledge that two squadrons of Phantom jets would be moved from Japan to Korea. The United States is reportedly prepared to spend US$200 million on new hardware for the ROK forces.
"Final terms and timing of the 20,000-man pullout will be decided after Agnew's return to Washington. Nevertheless, the fact that Agnew had to get on the phone to President Nixon during his Seoul stay suggests that President Park did an excellent job of wringing every possible concession from the Americans.
"In the past Asians have sometimes hesitated to ask the Americans for more. Representatives of the United States are good at pointing out how much has been done already. But what with the U.S. decision to scale down the size of its presence in this part of the world, charity must start at home.
"Korea is not unreasonable in demanding that modernization be completed or at least well advanced before withdrawals begin. The Republic of China needs improved weapons, including Phantom jets, M16s and submarines. Vietnam must insist on the completion of Vietnamization before U.S. forces are cut below the 200,000 mark. Thailand requires a firming up of commitments, especially with regard to Cambodia.
"Vice President Agnew has said Americans might return to Cambodia if their positions in Vietnam were threatened. It remains to be seen whether that possibility and US$40 million worth of military assistance will be enough to save Cambodia. Fighting on a fairly large scale has swirled to within nine miles of Phnom Penh. Laos is off the front pages these days but not to be forgotten; its continued free existence depends on U.S. help.
"Vice President Agnew has found Korea and the Republic of China adamant about defense requirements. Vietnam and Thailand will be no different; neither will Cambodia. Asian countries are not unappreciative. They are only trying to protect themselves and preserve their independence.
"Sooner or later, the United States is going to reach the conclusion that reduction of its commitment without jeopardizing free Asia defense requires the creation of a Pacific and Asian Treaty Organization. NATO's importance is declining even as the need for PATO is increasing. But the job that NATO did in Europe has not yet been tackled in the Pacific and East Asia. Lightening of the American burden and adequate Pacific-Asian security require the all-for-one and one-for-all spirit, organization and implementation of PATO instead of U.S. undertakings to help defend each Asian country on a separate bilateral basis."
The Shin Sheng Pao said September 4 that modernization and massive logistical support of free Asian armies is a U.S. responsibility.
The paper said: "Vice President Spiro Agnew has promised the fulfillment of U.S. commitments in Asia. U.S. troops must therefore be replaced by massive arms aid and the modernization of Asian armed forces. The timetable for U.S. troop withdrawals must be geared to this build-up of Asia's defense capabilities. Only in this way can the Nixon doctrine be made meaningful."
On September 18, the same paper said: "If Asia had received U.S. aid on the scale of the Marshall plan of 25 years ago, this region would be as strong as Europe both economically and militarily.
"Asian nations need to be militarily strong enough to fight Communism with American support. U.S. economic aid to individual Asian nations has been successful. But U.S. military aid has not achieved the goal of containing Communist expansion and aggression as the Marshall plan did for Europe.
"Free Asian nations are hoping for stronger military aid programs to safeguard the region's peace and security."
China Post—Antiwar amendment
Commenting on the defeat of the McGovern-Hatfield antiwar amendment, the China Post said September 4: "The defeat in the U.S. Senate by a vote of 55 to 39 of an amendment 'to end the war' represented a resounding victory for the Nixon administration: The amendment sponsored by Senators. George McGovern and Mark O. Hatfield would have forced the Nixon administration to withdraw all combat troops from Indochina by the end of 1971.
"The 16-vote margin of victory shows how the doves are gradually losing their influence and strength. Even Senator John Sherman Cooper, a key figure in the anti-Nixon forces, announced before the vote that he would not support the amendment.
"The time has come for the doves to wake up to the realities of the situation and stop playing politics with the lives of American soldiers abroad who are helping to defend democracy, freedom and the security of the world against the concerted attacks of the Communists."
Commenting on the same subject, the China News said September 3: "Those who believe in the U.S. system of government will rejoice at the Senate's rejection of the McGovern-Hatfield antiwar resolution.
"This measure was an attempt to strike down the presidential system and replace it with legislative supremacy. Should that ever happen, the United States would quickly become a second-class military power.
"With all its imperfections, the United States is a democracy in which the people ultimately make the big policy decisions. The decision about Southeast Asia has not really been made. De-escalation is one thing; total withdrawal is quite another. President Nixon knows he must implement the former but at heart is opposed to the latter. He does not agree with those who say the United States must pull back to a Pacific island-Alaska line and let the Communists and Japan settle the fate of East Asia.
"Whether Nixon's view or that of Senators McGovern and Hatfield guides the United States for the next year or two is the real stake in the November 3 election. If the vote goes against Nixon, he will be compelled to swing much more strongly in the direction of the neo-isolationism which the American doves are demanding. The seriousness of the situation is not to be exaggerated. The McGovern-Hatfield resolution was the first time in nearly 200 years of U.S. history that a president's conduct of a war has been challenged and brought to a vote in the Congress.
"Times are changing and the American system of government could be, too. President Nixon will be taking this into consideration when he learns, on the morning of November 4, the composition of the next Congress."
China News—U.S. elections
The China News said September 2 that what happens in Indochina situation depends heavily upon the outcome of the U.S. elections November 3.
The paper said: "Vice President Spiro Agnew has given a frank assessment of the situation in Cambodia.
"On the encouraging side, more than half of Viet Cong and North Vietnamese forces have been knocked out and the Communists have been unable to take Phnom Penh. The Lon Nol government is a going concern.
"On the discouraging side, Agnew expects the major Communist effort of the next few months to be in Cambodia rather than Vietnam. Yet there are no present plans to send Americans back to Cambodia and help from the Thais is up to Phnom Penh and Bangkok. This means the United States has not pledged to give Thailand help in committing forces to Cambodia.
"Aside from the plans of Lon Nol, who may not have the requisite strength at his command, there are no concrete plans for repulsing an enemy offensive.
"Agnew says he is returning home to fight Senate moves to tie the hands of the White House in defending Southeast Asia. The real test facing President Nixon is political. If the November off-year elections go against him, that will be interpreted as a mandate for anti-war measures. At the least, Nixon would be more cautious about involvement in Cambodia and would try to speed up withdrawals from Vietnam. This is a battle to which Agnew also must give priority.
"For the next two months, the United States is not likely to take any action in Cambodia except in case of emergency. Regrettably, this probably means the Thais will not get the backing they require before entering Cambodia. Nominally, Nixon could give the assurances and pledge the money on his own authority. It is the prospect of the election that leads him to hesitate.
"If the fall of Cambodia were imminent, President Nixon would have to send Americans back regardless of the protests of the doves and the political consequences. Cambodia's loss would give the Communists a modern port on the Gulf of Siam only a few hours truck run from the South Vietnam border. This would jeopardize the position of American troops in Vietnam and terminate the hope of further withdrawals from that country.
"All things considered, a crisis is not likely until after the U.S. election. North Vietnam cannot make up for Cambodia reverses in a day. At least six months will be required to build up weapons stocks that were destroyed in the border sweeps of last spring.
"This leaves much up to the American voter as he wrestles with his conscience in the voting booth on November 3. There will be no ballot in the wars of Indochina but the election's outcome will have much to do with what happens in Cambodia, Vietnam and Laos during 1971."
Central Daily News—Rahman's retirement
Commenting on Malaysian Prime Minister Rahman's retirement, the Chung Yang Jih Pao said September 2 that coexistence with the Communists is impossible.
The paper said: "Malaysian Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman warned his people not to trust either the Malay or Chinese Communists. He said the Communists will never coexist with freedom-loving Malaysians. Rahman learned this lesson from Malaysian Communist leader Chen Ping personally and learned it the hard way fighting Communist subversion during 13 years in office. Rahman's warning echoes President Chiang Kai-shek's prophetic insights on Communism.
"The people of Malaysia must remember the words of Rahman and his experience in fighting the Communists. Racial segregation offers the best opportunity for Communist subversion and infiltration. Malaysia's hope of surviving as a multiracial nation depends on extirpating the Communists. As Rahman said, the Communists are not to be trusted. But passive distrust is not enough. Desegregation is the only way for Malaysia to survive."
Commenting on the same subject, the Lien Ho Pao (United Daily News) said September 2:
"Prime Minister Rahman was able to uphold Malaysia's integrity despite racial conflict, Communist infiltration and heated disputes with the Philippines over Sabah. His policy kept Malaysia anti-Communist. His successor, Tun Abdul Razak, must follow in Rahman's footsteps to ensure Malaysian freedom and democracy. Rahman's warning never to trust the Communists and his citing of the impossibility of coexistence must be remembered. Rahman's firm anti-Communist stand has kept Malaysia free and democratic. Razak has a good example to follow."
New Life Daily News—Peiping's diplomacy
The Shin Sheng Pao said August 31 that Peiping is launching a new diplomatic campaign to encircle and isolate the United States.
The paper said: "In the wake of the Chinese Communist cultural revolution, Peiping is expanding its diplomacy and giving military and economic aid to Communist and pro-Communist countries. Twenty-four new 'ambassadors' have been appointed. Liu Shin-chuan will be Peiping's envoy to Moscow and Yao Kwang-yeh is going to Warsaw. Chou En-lai's fall visit to Paris and East Africa and Peiping's US$400 million Zambia- Tanzania railroad project are steps in the Chinese Communist infiltration of Europe and Africa.
"Peiping is trying Lin Piao's policy of surrounding the world's cities—the United States—with the world's villages—Asia, Africa and Latin America.
"An Asian Peoples' Anti-American United Front is being organized along the Pyongyang-Peiping-Hanoi axis as a prelude to a world anti-American united front. The dispatch of envoys to Moscow and Warsaw may presage relaxation of Peiping-Moscow tensions and resumption of talks with the United States.
"The Chinese Communists are using diplomacy to create world tension and turmoil."
Commenting on the same subject, the China News said September 8 that changes in the international situation are presenting problems which the Republic of China cannot ignore.
The paper said: "Twenty-five Chinese Communist 'ambassadors' have been returned to foreign posts. Most of them are careerists. The soft pedal has been ordered for extreme Maoist tactics.
"Chou En-lai is planning a trip to the Middle East, Europe and Africa. This time he is likely to be carrying aid promises rather than invitations for the overthrow of legitimate governments.
"Red Chinese weapons and military advisers have been flowing into the Middle East for some time.
"At the United Nations, the Peiping regime has an ardent advocate in the person of Secretary-General U Thant, who recently took it upon himself to discuss 'China recognition' with Italian leaders. In Chile, a Marxist received the largest number of votes for president and probably will be elected by the Congress. He has announced he will recognize Peiping.
"The United States still talks of reopening Warsaw talks with the Chinese Reds. White House approval recently was given for the sale to Peiping of Italian trucks with General Motors engines. Other trade deals are pending.
"Few of the free world countries are concerned about what the Chinese Communists do on the mainland. They are prepared to turn their backs even on genocide, if only the Peiping regime will be 'reasonable' in its international dealings.
"The definition of 'reasonable' varies from country to country. For the United States, it includes trade and travel, but not necessarily the termination of military assistance to North Vietnam and the Palestinian guerrillas. The Americans reason that they cannot ask Chinese Communists to make more concessions than Russian Communists.
"The Republic of China's response to the enemy's offensive has to be more than intensification of propaganda. Decisions are not being made on a basis of truths or lies but in accordance with action or nonaction. This country's technical assistance program in Africa has been useful. That effort should be increased and more funds made available. Similar activities in the Middle East, Southeast Asia and Latin America should be expanded.
"More American business 'realists' who seek trade with the Chinese Communists should be brought to Taiwan to see a free Chinese economy in action. The soft sell of economic success will convince more of them to think our way than denunciation of their plans to seek profits on the mainland.
"The world changes. Ours is changing fast. Mao's 'cultural revolution' was never finished but is being tamped down as the Chinese Communists look outward once again. Some industrial wheels are starting to turn. Peasants have protected their own survival with hard work and sizable crops.
"New responses will be required in the hard fighting that lies ahead on the political front. So far we have benefited greatly from the mistakes of the enemy. For the future, free China may need to rely more strongly on its own efforts."
China Post—Chilean election
Commenting on the Chile election, the China Post said September 11: "The Chilean government's proclamation announcing that Socialist candidate Senator Salvador Allende had won the largest number of votes in the presidential election is disturbing. Since Senator Allende received only 36.3 per cent of the votes, the Chilean Congress will have to make the final decision as to who is going to be president for the next six years.
"Since the leftist parties control the largest bloc of votes in the Congress, the Communist-backed candidate of the radical Socialist Party is almost sure to become president of Chile November 4.
"Allende, who makes no secret of his admiration for Castro and Mao Tse-tung, is expected to make Chile a one-party Marxist state. Many political observers think the recent election may have been the last democratic vote in Chile's history. Allende has promised to nationalize banks and major industries. He has also announced intention to recognize the Communist regimes of Asia. The Communist bloc in the United Nations will soon have a new supporter.
"Communism's influence may spread to Chile's neighbors. If so, Castro and the Mao gang will obtain a South American foothold without firing a single shot."
China News—U. S. intentions
The English-language China News said August 31 that the Chinese Institute of Public Opinion poll on international topics suggests that the people of Taiwan doubt the intention of the United States to stand solidly with Asians in the long struggle against Communism.
The paper said: "Some interesting responses were received in a Chinese Institute of Public Opinion poll conducted on international topics. The cross-section numbered 657.
"On Nixon's new Asia policy, about 47 per cent thought it might be helpful but 10 per cent feared further Communist aggression and 32 per cent were of the view that nothing would be accomplished.
"Ninety-five per cent expected no constructive results from Russo-American arms limitation talks. The percentage rose to 97 in negation of the Washington-Peiping contacts at Warsaw. Ninety-seven per cent also think the Moscow-Peiping negotiations will drag on without result.
"American withdrawal from Vietnam is expected to lead to further conflict in Indochina. Almost no one saw any likelihood of peace in Southeast Asia.
"Nearly 81 per cent predicted another hot war in the Middle East (the poll was taken before the U.S. peace proposals).
"On the directions of Republic of China diplomacy, 35 per cent would depend on free world solidarity, 25 per cent on Asian-Pacific unity, 21 per cent on the United Nations and 17 per cent on the United States. The last figure seems to imply doubt that the United States is going to stand solidly with Asians in the long struggle against Communism.
"Not surprisingly, almost no one wants to give Okinawa to the Japanese. Only 4 per cent favored that course. Thirty-five per cent wanted the Ryukyus for the ROC, 46 per cent favored independence and 15 per cent opted for continuation of the status quo (U.S. military administration).
"Although the debate about polls and their influence is far from over, findings of this sort should be helpful to policymakers."