National Affairs:
Free China celebrated with great enthusiasm the first anniversary of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek's resumption of presidential duties.
General Kuo Chi-chiao and General Hsiao Yi-hsu, the newly appointed Minister of Defense and Deputy Chief of Joint Staff respectively, were sworn in this morning.
Mr. Tien Chun-chin, the newly appointed Chairman of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission, was sworn in this morning. Whereas Prof. Chien Sze-liang was appointed President of National Taiwan University the day before (Feb. 28, 1951).
The Sino-Philippines tennis matches began this afternoon.
International Affairs:
Spearheads of the mighty 100,000 men UN army smashed ahead up to three and a half miles on a fifty-mile front in a renewal of the Allied "killer offensive" in Central Korea.
The Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East, now having its conference at Lahore, Pakistan, rejected a Soviet resolution to expel the delegates of South Korea and the French sponsored Indo-Chinese State of Vietnam from the Commission. On the previous day (Feb. 28, 1951) Soviet demand to unseat the Chinese delegates to the Commission had been rejected.
India rejected the Anglo-American plan for settling the Kashmir dispute.
Russia agree to the Western Allies' proposal for a meeting of the Big-Four representatives in Paris on Mar. 5, to lay the groundwork for a Big-Foul Foreign Ministers' Conference.
Mao's regime was reported to have notified the UN through India delegates that it still stood by the Korean peace terms it proposed in January.
John Foster Dulles endorsed the idea of "collective security" arrangement which would prevent a recurrence of Japanese militarism, but would protect all nations of the Pacific against the danger of Communist aggression.
March 2
National Affairs:
Pres. Chiang Kai-shek was in Kaohsinng, conferring with local leaders.
The Legislative Yuan· adopted in principle a bill recommending the government extend assistance to refugees and loyal Chinese in Hongkong, Macao and other places.
International Affairs:
UN troops retook Hoengsong in Central Korea.
Washington sources predicted that the United States would agree to the formation of a Pacific defense alliance in which Australia, New Zealand and the Philippines would be the other participants.
Mr. Michael McDermott, U. S. State Department spokesman, said that the United States was giving serious consideration to the question of a security commitment to Turkey.
Australia appointed Percy Claude Spender, Minister of External Affairs, ambassador to the United States.
M. Georges Bidault gave up his attempts to form the new French Government.
The Philippine government insisted on the right to Japanese reparation payments.
Dr. Philip Jessup left New York for Paris to attend the conference of Big-Four Foreign Ministers' deputies.
March 3
National Affairs:
Representatives of the Armoured Corps gathered this morning in Taipeh City Hall in Commemoration of the Armoured Forces Day.
The Bank of Taiwan announced the hiking of official gold quotations as of March 3 to TW$600 per (Taiwan) ounce.
International Affairs:
Jacob Malik, Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister, said that he had broken off further talk with American Ambassador John foster Dulles on a Japanese peace treaty.
French Socialist Guy Mollet agreed to try to solve France's cabinet crisis.
Ba Maw, former Burmese premier who now heads the Mahabama (greater Burma) Party, made a fresh bid for return to political power with an appeal for leftist support.
Sir Oliver Franks, British Ambassador to U. S. A., said that the only "real difference" between Britain and the U. S. right now is their conflicting attitude toward Mao's regime.
Andrei Gromyko, Deputy foreign Minister of U. S. S. R., left Moscow for Paris to attend a meeting of the Big-Four deputies.
Herhert Morrison, British Deputy Prime Minister, blamed "imperialist" Russia for bringing the world to the brink of World War III.
March 4
National Affairs:
President and Madame Chiang Kai-shek returned to Taipeh this afternoon from southern Taiwan.
International Affairs:
Dr. Vannever Bush, World War II science mobilizer, said that United States could destroy Russia with Atomic bombs, if war broke out soon.
The U. S. Senate Foreign Relations and Armed Services Committees were about to reject Republican demands that Congress fix a ceiling on the number of American troops sent to W. Europe.
The Egyptian authorities proclaimed a state of emergency as Pro-Moroccan students in Cairo demanded a "holy war" against the French.
Vice-Admiral Harold M. Martin will relieve Vice-Admiral Arthur D. Struble as Commander of the Seventh Fleet.
Admiral Forest Sherman arrived in London for high-level talks with British and American officials on global defence strategy.
March 5
National Affairs:
The Defense Ministry revealed that it had a list of 200,000 identified dead—victims of Communist purge on the mainland in the past six months.
International Affairs:
The United States denounced Moscow for breaking off Japanese treaty discussions while professing a desire for peace with Japan and all the world.
Russian and Western Deputy Foreign Ministers' Conference began to take place.
It was announced in London that Britain and the United States had reached an agreement on whether Allied troops in Korea should cross the 38th Parallel.
Soviet and Philippine delegations opposed the inclusion of Japan as a member of the Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East, which is having its conference at Lahore, Pakistan.
The U. S. at the first meeting of the 14 nation Collective Measure Committee, urged UN members to earmark quickly, by September at least, armed forces to fight any aggression any time. This international force would be controlled by the General Assembly and not subject to veto in the Security Council.
The Egyptian Chamber of Deputies denounced the French "massacres in Morocco."
March 6
Notional Affairs:
Dr. George Humphrey and Dr. Magnus Gregerson, two Columbia University professors, arrived in Taipeh by Northwest plane for an on-the-spot investigation of Taiwan's medical needs.
Prof. Chien Sze-liang, newly appointed President of National Taiwan University, was formally installed into office this morning.
International Affairs:
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower's Headquarters today announced appointment of six Europeans and one American top posts in the North Atlantic Military Command.
Dr. B. G. Kratochvil, former Czech ambassador in New Delhi, said that he resigned because "the confidence of the Czech people has been betrayed and the independence and integrity of Czechoslovakia gradually forfeited."
The British government disclosed plans to spend more than 4,000,000,000 dollars on the Royal Air Force by the spring of 1945.
Britain, Frence and the United States authorized Western Germany to set up its own foreign office and maintain diplomatic relations with foreign countries.
Nasorollah Entezam, Chairman of the UN Good Offices Committee for peace acknowledged there had been no development since the Committee; sent a feeler two weeks before to see if Red China would deal with the group.
March 7
National Affairs:
Mr. Huang Shao-ku, secretary-general of the Executive Yuan, was named concurrently Minister without portfolio in the Executive Yuan by President Chiang Kai-shek.
The Executive Yuan had a conference this afternoon discussing the entry of pro-Government persons from Hongkong and Macao into Taiwan.
International Affairs:
The American Senate Foreign Relations and Armed Services Committees approved sending troops to Europe.
Arseny G. Zverev, Russian Finance Minister, presented a budget calling for an arms expenditure of 96,376,000,000 rubles in 1951. That is 16,976,000,000 more rubles than in 1950.
The eight-day session of the United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East held at Lahore, Parkistan was brought to an end.
Ali Razmara, Premier of Iran, was shot and killed this morning by three assassins at a mosque in downtown Teheran.
Iraq requested for immediate UN action against France's "aggressive, brutal and unjust treatment of Arabs in Morocco"
Oscar Collazo was sentenced to death for his attempt to assassinate President Truman.
March 8
National Affairs:
Women in Free China under the leadership of Madame Chiang Kai-shek appealed to their sisters in the democratic world to unite and fight with undaunted courage for democracy and freedom.
General Chen Cheng, President of the Executive Yuan, spoke to 3,000 representatives of women from all walks of like, who gathered in commemoration of the Woman's day at the Taipeh City Hall, lauding them for what they had done in the fight against Communism and all it stands for.
The American Senate Foreign Relations and Armed Services Committees unanimously approved sending more troops to Europe but maintained that consent of Congress was needed for the program.
The oil Commission of the Iranian Parliament voted over-whelmingly in favor of nationalizing Iran's wealthy oil industry—a step strongly opposed by the late Premier Genaral Ali Razmara.
Indian UN delegate Bharatan Humarappa's speech, in which he said. Western imperialism, not Communism, was the chief enemy of India, hardened opposition in US Congress for legislation to grant American grain to India.
March 9
National Affairs:
Taipeh's newspaper publishers appealed to all newspapers in the free world to take action against the Chinese Communist who have mercilessly killed ever one million innocent people on the mainland.
Premier Marshal Tito's government cautioned the Yugoslav people to prepare against a possible invasion from the Russian-led states.
Ambassador John Foster Dulles got informal approval from the U. S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee to go ahead with efforts to complete a Japanese peace treaty.
Henri Queuille, leader of the French Radical Socialist Party, was confirmed as Premier by the French Parliament.
Ernest Bevin resigned as Britain's Foreign Secretary and turned over the job to Herbert Morrison, Deputy Prime Minister.
British Conservative political leaders demanded that the Labor government called a new general election "immediately."
Major General Akbar Khan, Parkistan Chief of the General Staff was arrested for plotting "to create commotion in the country by violent means and in furtherance of that purpose to subvert the loyalty of the Parkistan defence force."
Marshal Tito protested officially against Soviet military movements around the Yugoslave border.
Fanatic secret Moslem terror society threatened to kill the Shah and other government officials, if the accused assassin of the Premier were not freed within three days.
March 10
National Affairs:
The Control Yuan asked the UN to take effective sanctions against the Chinese Communists so as to put a halt to the Red terrorism on the mainland.
The Taiwan Provincial Government appointed Hsu Po-yuan chairman of the Board of Directors of the Bank of Taiwan.
International Affairs:
U.S. Senator Pat McCarran, Nevada Democrat, called for quick congressional action on his bill to extend economic and military aid to Free China.
Kijuro Shidehara, Japan first Prime Minister under the occupation, died of a heart attack.
March 11
National Affairs:
Huang Tien-chai, deputy chief of the Overseas Affairs Commission, declared that the government is trying to weld 20,000,000 overseas Chinese scattered in Southeast Asia and the American into a solid anti-Communist front.
International Affairs:
George V. Allen, U. S. Ambassador to Belgrade, said Russia would pay dearly if it should order invasion of Yugoslavia.
President Truman's International Development Advisory Board proposed that the U. S. launch a new $500,000,000 economic aid program to build up the free world's military strength.
Premier Alcide de Gasperi and Foreign Minister Carslo Sforza of Italy left by train for a three-day conference in London with Prime Mitister Attlee and Foreign Secretary Herbert Morrison.
Hussein Ala was appointed by Iranian Senate as Prime Minister.
Major General C. D. Parkard was appointed Chief of Staff of British Middle East Land Forces.
March 12
National Affairs:
Wang Chung, former director of the Issuance Department of the Central Bank of China, was appointed general manager of the Bank of Taiwan to replace outgoing C. C. Chu.
International Affairs:
Gordon Dean, U. S. Atomic Energy Commission Chairman, told newsmen atomic test explosions would be held later on in Nevada, Eniwetok and other places.
Russia's Supreme Soviet adopted a 1951 budget of 451,500,000,000 rubles, the biggest peacetime outlay in the history of the U. S. S. R.
March 13
National Affairs:
Major Erle Cocke, Jr., 29-year-old national commander of the American Legion, arrived in Taipeh this morning.
The Legislative Yuan now in session decided in an emergency motion to appeal to the United Nations for immediate sanction against the Mao's regime.
International Affairs:
A spokesman for the United States, Britain and France announce that Big Four talks on an agenda for foreign ministers meeting were completely deadlocked.
Jiri Broton, first secretary of the Czechoslovak Legation in Switzerland, announced he had asked the Swiss government for asylum.
India's Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru warned that an attack on Kashmir would be considered an attack against India.
General Dwight Eisenhower said that Greece, Turkey, Yugoslavia and Spain would be valuable allies in securing the "southern flank" in Europe.
The U. S. Senate Foreign Relations and Armed Services Committees approved sending four more divisions to the Atlantic Pact Army.
March 14
International Affairs:
5 UN patrols entered Seoul and the flag of the Republic of Korea was flying there tonight.
The 3 Western Powers' deputies in Paris agreed to "sit it out" with Russia and refused to compromise just for the sack of agreement on the agenda for the Foreign Ministers' Conference.
President Truman declared that the free world must rearm quickly and vigorously to prevent World War III. He hoped that this rearmament would discourage Russian aggression.
Senator Joseph McCarthy accused the State Department of handing over the Far East and Europe to Russia through "treachery or incompetence."
British government warned Iran that the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company could not be nationalized by the unilateral action of the government of Iran.
March 15
National Affairs:
President Chiang Kai-shek paid warm tribute and congratulations to Premier Chen Cheng at a lunch on the first anniversary of the premier's assumption of office.
The Philippine tennis delegation to Free China returned to Manila this afternoon.
Major Eric Cocke, Jr., national commander of the American Legion, left Taipeh for Manila this afternoon.
International Affairs:
Eric Johnston, U. S. economic stabilization administrator, told President Truman and American Government leaders that unless they give greater support to the nation's fight against inflation, the whole U. S. defense program might be jeopardised.
Iran's Parliament unanimously approved a proposal to nationalize all the nation's oil resources including the wells of the huge British-owned Anglo-Iranian Oil Company.
Britain and Egypt reached an agreement in principle of Egypt's sterling balance.
The US Defense Department favored inclusion of Greece and Turkey in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
March 16
National Affairs:
Hsu Po-yuan, newly appointed chairman of the Board of Directors of the Bank of Taiwan, and Wang Chung, newly appointed general manager of the same bank, were sworn in this morning.
US Minister Karl L. Rankin arrived in Taipeh this afternoon after three weeks' consultations in Washington.
Liu Shao-chi was reported to have virtually taken over Mao Tse-tung's duties as head of Communist China
International Affairs:
Soviet Russia was invited again by US to rejoin discussions on a peace treaty with Japan.
Britain said the UN should seek a Korean settlement with Mao's regime when the UN forces stabilize themselves around the 38th Parallel.
West Germany was admitted to the Committee of Ministers of the 13-nation Council of Europe.
President Syngman Rhee requested the UN to authorize the bombing of Communist China.
March 17
National Affairs:
Dr. Yorkson Shen, career diplomat, was appointed by President Chiang Kai-shek as ambassador to Brazil.
International Affairs:
Prime Minister Robert Menzies announced that both Houses of Australia's Parliment will be dissolved on March 19 and new elections held on April, 28.
Communist military reverses in Korea may toughen UN projected peace terms to Mao's regime and UN Secretary General Trygve Lie now believes it may be possible to get a Korean cease-fire without linking it to any "deal" on UN membership or surrender of Taiwan.
In Paris the Western deputies told Andrei Gromyko that they wanted a meeting of the Big Four Foreign Ministers—but not at any price.
US Republican Senator Robert of Ohio called for the immediate commitment of the Chinese forces under President Chiang Kai-shek to the mainland of China.
Britain has decided to produce her first Atomic bomb and it will be built without direct aid from the US and may be ready in the near future.
March 18
International Affairs:
Western delegates to the U.N. Economic and Social Council now being held at Santiago, Chile, continue to press for an on-the-spot investigation of charges that Russia is using tens of millions of people in forced labor camps.
Iran's 24-member Senate commission recommended unanimously that the Senate pass the oil nationalization measure approved by the Lower House last Thursday.
Match 19
International Affairs:
British official sources reported that Britain and the United States had agreed a soft peace treaty for Japan in order to make it a strong, anti-Communist nation linked with the West.
John M. Allison, U.S. State Department expert on Japan, left by air for London this afternoon to iron out British-American differences over the text of a Japanese peace treaty.
Leaders of Chinese nationals in Japan, meeting in Tokyo, informed President Chiang Kai-shek that the whole Chinese community in Japan is firmly behind the Government in its fight against Communism and for the recovery of the mainland.
The UN Economic and Social Council being held at Santiago, Chile, voted to form a committee to study charges of forced labor in the Soviet Union.
March 20
National Affairs:
DR. T. F. Tsiang, chief delegate of the Chinese Government to the United Nations, arrived in Taipeh this morning.
International Affairs:
General Dwight Eisenhower named Field Marshall Viscount Montgomery his Deputy Commander in the Atlantic Pact Army.
The U.S. Atomic Energy Commission indicated that it was conducting new atomic blasts at Eniwetok.
March 21
National Affairs:
The Executive Yuan decided that ships which had defected to the Communist side were given a last chance to clear their names and return to Free China.
International Affairs:
Russia formally refused to return 670 Lend-lease ships to the United States.
An exchange of telegrams between President Truman and Secretary of Defense Marshall disclosed that the United States' uniformed forces now stood more than 2,900,000 nine months after the Korean Reds bunched their unprovoked attack last June 25.
The great Chinese Communist base of Chun-chon—where the enemy was expected to stand if he intended to stay in South Korea—fell without a fight to UN forces.
U.S. Secretary of State Acheson said the U.S. wanted a common point of view with its Allies on the 38th Parallel problem.
March 22
National Affairs:
Mr. Aoki, visiting Japanese newspaperman, told the press in Taipeh that as a result of recent developments, the Japanese are apparently favoring concluding a peace treaty with Free China instead of with Mao's regime which now controls the China mainland.
International Affairs:
A British Government spokesman hinted Britain was reconciled to small scale northward movements by UN troops across Korea's 38th Parallel, but was dubious about any "general advance" past that line.
March 23
National Affairs:
President Chiang Kei-shek urged Christians throughout China to fight against the forces of evil which is embodied in Communism.
Dr. T. F. Tsiang, China's chief delegate to the UN, told the Legislative Yuan that Taiwan is out of danger. He also predicted that there would be no global war this year unless unexpected incidents popped up.
International Affairs:
Big Four deputies in Paris thrashed out their differences in a showdown secret session lasting more than four hours and found themselves still hopelessly deadlocked on an agenda for a Foreign Ministers' Conference.
It was reliably learned that India had made another fruitless try to find a pathway through which to induce the Mao's regime to discuss peace.
Panama and Spain resumed diplomatic relations.
March 24
International Affairs:
General Douglas MacArthur said the Allies had cleared South Korea of most organized Communist forces and invited the Reds to confer on a settlement of the Korean War.
UN forces arrayed just south at Korea's 38th Parallel had orders from General Douglas MacArthur to cross the old boundary if tactically necessary.
(to be continued)
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'When opposing troops meet in battle, victory belongs to the aggrieved side.'
Lao Tzu
'To a ram plunging into a hedge, advance and retreat are equally difficult.'
I-Ching—'The Book of Changes'
'If two men are of the same mind there is no wall of metal that the cannot penetrate.'
I-Ching—'The Book of Changes'
'Words which equally comprehend the near and the ultimate are good words.'
Mencius